Philadelphia and •vicinity:
Cloudy with showers or a thundershower
likely Monday morning.
Partly sunny Monday afternoon.
Fair Monday night and
Tuesday. Probability of showers
80 percent Monday but 20 percent
in the afternoon. High Monday
in the low 80s.
- 5.49 A. J
Sun sets -
THE OLDEST DAILY NEWSPAPER IN THE UNITED STATES-FOUNDED 1771
PUBLIC LEDGER *
AN fNDEP ENDENT NEWSP AP ER FOR A L L THE PEOPLE
CITY
EDITION
MONDAY MORNING. JU LY 21 , 1969
Copyrixht © UW by Trimlt PubllctUom, Inc.. VoL 3H No. it TEN CENTS
agle Has Landed,’ Astronauts Say
ASTRONAUTS EDWIN ALDRIN (L E F T ) AND NEIL A RMSTRO N G G A TH ER RO C K SAMPLES IN SIMULATED MOON LANDING .
Egyptian, Israeli Jets Half Billion See 7000 at Franklin Institute
Moon Show on cheej. News of Touchdown
Worldwide IV
Battle Above Suez,
Heavy Losses Claimed
TEL AVIV, July 20 (AP). —jshot down a large number of
Israeli and Egyptian jets bat-! planes.
tied over the Suez Canal Sun-! Egypt said it down 17 Israeli
day and raided each other's tor- jets and called it the ‘'Arabs’ '
ritory in some of the heaviest! greatest victory" since 1967.
fighting since the mideast war! Israel admitted losing two
of 1967. Each side claimed it: planes and said five Egyptian
I planes were down, three MIGs
Left Wreck Scene and two Sukhoi SU-7 fighters.
The fighting began early Sun-
Complaint
On Kennedy
EDGARTOWN. Mass.. July :
attack on an Egyptian island
fortress in the Guif of. Suez.
Israeli planes followed up by
hitting Egyptian positions across
the Suez Canal for the first
time since the 1967 war, and
Egyptian jots then took to the
iid Israeli targets
(AP). - A complaint charging occupied Sinai Desert.
Sen. Edward M. Kennedy with! Israeli said the pilots of its
leaving the scene of an accidcnt|two downed aircraft bailed out
will be sought as the result o f and 1;,nded in Israc!> ter‘
en auto wrtck in which
i ritory.
WASHINGTON, July 20 (AP).,
— Back on earth. President
Nixon and half a billion other
people watched the moon show
on television, experts estimated.
Another bilion couldn't see itj
By MEBRIE SPAETH
Of The Inquiref Staff
More than 700 moonflight
enthusiasts who crowded into
the Franklin Institute science
museum on Sunday let out a
thunderous roar of joy when
the lunar module touched down
because it was not shown in the at 4:18 R. M. after a drama-
Soviet Union or Red China. The
remaining two billion earthlings
had no sets. .
Mr. Nixon watched the televised
news of the landing of the
lunar module in’ his working office
in the Executive Office
Building next door to the White
House.
t’RAYERS FOR CREW
There were prayers for the
astronauts in churches throughout
the United States and elsewhere.
In the United States, CBS
producer Robert Wussler estimated
the TV audience for the
*n died, police said Sunday.
The victim. M.ry Jo Xope-j JSK ut tT rw , w»s shol down by
chne, 28. of Washington, lor-j antiaircraft fire during the com-mer
secretary to the late Scn.lmando raid, another was down-
Robert F. Kennedy (D.p N.Y.),jed later ^Sunday morning, jiino
was riding in a car that skidded'
off a narrow bridge and into
pond on Chappaquiddick Island, j Continued on Page Z, Column 4
Kennedy was driving. Me re-;
portedly escaped with what a p. / “*\| J C L ' D l , n c
parently was only a mild con- •JIMp r l a i i S
cussion.
The accident happened between
11 P. M. Friday and 1
A. M. Saturday, but went unrc-ported
until 10 A. M. Saturday.
" I am firmly convinced there
was no negligence involved.”
Police Chief Dominic J. Arena
told newsmen Sunday. "But the
matter of the time period after
ttw accident, there is, in my
Military communiques fromjmoonwalk might be 150 million,
i Egypt and Cairo Radio said one
u i the afternoon and six. more
:in the evening. Cairo said most
1000-Mile Trip
CALCUTTA, July 20 (AP).
A replica of an old-style Indian
sailing vessel will cross the Bay
of Bengal • in November from
Cuttack, India, to Bali in Indonesia.
The Explorers Club of India
says the 1000-mile voyage will
be the longest ever undertaken
Continued oc Page 18, Column a!by such a craft.
93 percent of total saturation.
Americans watched in homes,
bars, night clubs, prisons, and
special sets or screens at
c tracks, parks, plazas, airports
and in one murder trial
courtroom.
VIGIL IN CENTRAL PARK
Three 9-by-12-foot screens
ere put up in New York’ s Central
Park, where the city staged
all-night moon vigil for tens
of thousands..
People were asked to come in
'symbolic” white clothes to
watch the TV pictures beamed
on the huge screens along with
cartoons and movies of past
imaginary moon trips.
The program included a synthetic
arurora borealis, a dance
performed in a moon bubble
under black light, and dropping
Continued on Page 4, Column 3
filled approach.
The observers gathered tensely
in front of more than 20 television
sets sei up along the
institute’s corridors to provide
■continuous coverage ‘ "
moon flight.
Well-wishers all over the city
also breathed sighs of relief at
the successful conclusion of another
critical phase of the moon
flight. A crowd of thousands outside
Independence Hall broke
into applause at the tei ' ’
vised announcement:
"We’re on the moon.
More than twice the usual
number of visitors turned up
at the science museum at " "
st. and the Parkway despite
sloppy weather to view and
experience scores of special
exhibits and programs spun off
the Apollo 11 moon mission.
Adult visitors took a moon-space
quiz, and found the answers
to questions like ‘ ‘How
much would you weigh on the
moon?” in exhibits scattered all
over the museum.
More than 150 ham radio operators
all over the world were
touch with the Institute’s own
ham radio station, taking part
in an opinion poll on the significance
of the moon trip.
In the spacious Ben Franklin
Room youngsters from 5 to 12
years old stood patiently in long
lines to take part in a balloon-rocket
contest. Balloons were
inflated, attached to wires
stretched some 80 feet across
the room, and propelled along
by escaping air, simulating the
action-reaction principal that
propels the moon rocket itself,
Three awards have been presented
each day durtag the
progress of the moon flight for
longest distance traveled by a
balloon rocket. A two-fci>t gold
trophy will go to the overall
winner.
Rivaling the ballootf-rocket
contest in -popularity with th«
youngsters was a “ frictionless'"
rocket chair, in which y»u cai
propel yourself in any direction
by releasing jets of air.
Among many other special
exhibits are one of astronaut
food, and continuous showings
of space flight films furnished
by the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration.
A number of figures in space-suits
stood guard along the Institute’s
coridors, and models of
each of NASA's three space capsules
— Gemini, Mercury and
Apollo—were on display.
In all, about 10.000 persons
visited the museum Sunday.
Many, particularly those from
outside the Greater Philadelphia
Continued on Page 6, Column 4
Page o f Astronaut
Pictures on Page 5.
A no th e r Picture, Re la
te d News and Comment
on Pages 3, A, 6,
and 12.
Crater Avoided
In Touchdown;
2 Stay in Ship
HOUSTON, July 20 (AP).—Man landed on
the moon at 4:18 P. M. Sunday.
Neil A. Armstrong and Edwin E. Aldrin
Jr., dropped to a hazardous dusty landing on
th* moon’s alien soil, the first men in that
strange land.
“ Houston,” Armstrong’s voice called out from the
lunar surface. He paused a full two seconds. "Tranquility
Base here. The Eagle has landed.”
Fantastic,” said the third Apollo 11 astronaut,
Michael Collins, piloting the command ship Columbia on
its lonely orbital patrol some 69 miles above.
About two hours after landing, Armstrong told mission
control he and Aldrin wanted to start their moon stroll at
9 P.M., about five hours earlier than scheduled.
“We’ ll support you any time,” said mission control.
As Eagle neared the surface, its computerized automatic
pilot sent the fragile ship toward a nest o f rocks and
boulders in the projected landing site in the moon's Sea of
Trancquillity.
Armstrong grabbed control o f his ship, steered it clear
clear of certain disaster and put it down four miles beyond
the original landing point.
“The auto-targeting was taking us right into a football
field-sized crater with a large number o f big boulders and
rocks.” A rmstrong said. “And it required us to fly manually
over the rock field to find a reasonably good area."
They landed just north o f the moon’ s equator. In the
original landing site, Armstrong said there were “ extremely
rough craters and a large number o f rocks. Many of them
were larger than 10 feet.”
The world thrilled to the moment. London's Trafalgar
Square rang with cheers and screams o f delight: Men and
women, some carrying babies, jammed through the fountains
and saw the news o f the touchdown flashed on a
giant screen. “ Thank God they’ve made it," said one
woman.
At New York Ctiy’s Kennedy Airport, 2500 culstered
around television screens at the International Arrivals
Building. And at Yankee Stadium, 35.000 fans watching the
Yankees and Senators saw the news on the scoreboard:
“They’re on the moon.” Everything stopped as the stadium
filled with cheers. Then they fell silent for a moment of
prayer, then sang “ America the Beautiful."
Outside her flag-draped brick Colonial home in
Wapakoneta, O., where Armstrong was born and learned to
fly, his mother, Mrs. Stephen Armstrong said, “ I hope it
will be fo r the good of all mankind.”
President Nixon, who watched the news o f the landing
from his working office in the Executive Office Building
next door to the White House, sent his personal congratulations.
Immediately after Eagle touched down, mission control
dropped the radio call sign Eagle and referred to the
Americans on the moon as Tranquillity Base.
The first hour was full of descriptions of sights no
one had ever seen before.
“ From the surface," Aldrin reported, “ we could not
see any stars out of the window. But out of the overhead
hatch, I’m looking at the earth, big. round and beautiful."
Just after landing, mission control called up. “ Be advised
there are lots o f smiling faces here and all around
the world.”
'There are two up here also,” Armstrong beamed
back.
“ Don't forget the third one up here,” added Collins from
the orbiting command ship.
Then he added his compliments. “Tranquillity Base, you
Continued on Page 3, Column 2
Space Center Jammed
Tension Highlights Landing
By DONALD C. DRAKE
Of The Inquirer Staff
HOUSTON, July 20.—It was a
moment of drama and emotion
here.
The spaceship Eagle, carrying
two humans to the moon, was in
the final minutes of descent and
newsmen had come to the
carpeted auditorium in the
Manned Spacecraft Center to
wait.
Scattered about the softly lit
auditorium, seated in orange
and red upholstered seats, they
watched the final minutes drop
away on a big scrcen before
them and listened to ground control
talk to the astronauts.
“ Eagle, Houston, everything
looks good here.”
“ Altitude 52 ffeet."
“ You’re go for landing.
“ Roger," Eagle replied,
derstand go for landing."
There was no emotion in their
voices but there was a lot of
unspoken emotion in the auditorium
as conversation stopped
and eyes riveted on the scrcen.
Seconds remained.
"Picking up some dust,"
Eagle said as it got close enough
to the lunar surface for its rocket
to stir up particlcs. The exchanges
came faster.
‘ ‘Thirty seconds.”
“ Roger."
“ Contact light.”
Wire indicators banging from
the legs of the lunar module
had made contact with the
lunar surface.
Man was only five feet from
the lunar surface.
“ All right, engine stop!”
“We copy you. Down Eagle,"
said the emotionless voice at
mission control center.
"Houston, Tranquility Base
herp. The Eagle has landed."
A roar of cheering filled the
auditorium as newsmen rose to
their feet.
Man had done it.
No other -space shot would
Continued on Page 3, Column 2
Davis Visits
Wailing Wall
JERUSALEM, July 20 (AP).
—American entertainer Sammy
Davis Jr. visited the Wailing
Wall on Sunday. He said he
had been looking forward to
seeing the Wall—the Jews’ most
sacred shrine — ever since he
converted to the Jewish religion
in 1955.
3n Wife 3tuptter
Departments and Features
Amusements Death Notices
10,11 14
Business and Editorials 12
Financial Obituaries 14
16,17 Sports 20 to 26,
Classified Ads 38
26 to 36 Television and
Comics 37 Radio
THE PH ILAD E L PH IA INQUIRER, MONDAY MORNING. JU LY 21 , 1969 Nixon Leads White House Prayers for Astronauts WASHINGTON, July 20 (UPI)
— President Nixon, feeling confident
about the Apollo 11 mission,
Sunday led the nation in
prayers for a successful moon
landing and safe return of the
U. S. astronauts.
The President set up a moon
watch in the White House following
religious services in the
East Room at 11 A. M. He
tracked the mission throughout
the day.
Part of Mr. Nixon's optimism
came from Col. Frank A. Borman,
the astronaut who was by
his vide throughout the tense
watching and waiting hours.
The President confessed that
he did not know “much about
technical things" but added
‘ ‘they’ve tested technical as
pects over and over again.. .
and if he (Borman) says it's
OK, I fell better about it,”
Then with a laugh, Mr. Nixon
said, “ It’ s like talking to Columbus
after he came back
from the New World and asking
him if Magellan is going
make it.
‘ ‘If Columbus says Magellan
is going to make K," he said,
"it's pretty sure be will.”
Sunday was Mr. Nixon’s six-month
anniversary in the White
House, but he had to be reminded
of it. He laughed when asked
whether there was any connection
between the anniversary
and the moon landing.
The highlight of the church
service was the reading by Borman
of the first 10 verses of*
Genesis, the same passage from
the Bible read while the Apollo
8 mission be commanded circled
the moon last Christmas
Eve.
Standing at the podium and
reading from the Old Testament
before 346 of the top-level
officials of the Nixon Administration,
Congress and the diplomatic
corps, Borman later said
with a reminder to the worshipers:
“ This is a historic day
—the day when man will first
set foot on the mooh.”
Dr. Paul S. Smith, president
of Whittier College, Mr. Nixon’s
alma mater, delivered a sermon
entitled “ Beaching for the
Moon.”
“ My own faith In mankind is
renewed this morning in the
he was "more nervous" there! knowledge that countless mil-than
when he was reading to] lions of all nations are praying
the world from the spaceship.1 today, not so much that one
Mr. Nixon opened the service1 brave astronaut may set foot
upon the moon, but that three
brave astronauts may put their
feet again upon the earth."
Dr. Smith also noted that the
President soon will depart on
his around-the-world trip, visiting
Asia and Communist Rumania
after welcoming the astronauts
on the recovery ship,
USS Hornet, in the Pacific.
Referring to Mr. Nixofl's trip.
Dr. Smith said, “ My own hope
for mankind is strengthened in
the knowledge that our intrepid
President himself will soon
into orbit reaching boldly for
the moon of peace.
“ God grant that he, too, may
return in glory and that the
countless millions of prayers
that follow him shall not have
been uttered in vain," added
Dr. Smith. '
The moon expedition also
gave a text to other participants
in the service. Sen. Mark Hatfield
(R., Ore.) asked God to
“ excite our imagination to
transfer this genius of cooperation
and spirit of teamwork to
our many other needs lest our
success on the moon mock oar
failures on the earth."
The benediction was read by
Rep. John H. Buchanan Jr. (R.,
Ala.), a former Baptist minister
who prayed, “ God of the
universe, whose hand has formed
the earth and set the stars
in their places, look with favor
upon our astronauts in their
great adventure.. . crown their
mission with success and bring
them safely home.’ ’
t a t r i t a 2 Astronauts Land
Increases on
Domestic Froni
Safely in Eagle,
Avoiding Crater
By LOUIS HARRIS
DESPITE a substantial 62 to
32 percent favorable overall
job rating, President Nixon is
beginning to run into mounting
Continued from First Page
“ Just keep that orbiting base
criticism of his adminstration's up there for us,” said Arm-performance
on specific domes- strong on the moon.
tic issues.
The key to the President's
overall relatively high standing
can be found in the popularity
of the style he has brought to
the White House. By a margin
of 70 to 19 percent, he is believed
to “ look and act asi
though he is on top of the job
of being President." By 54 to 33
percent, a majority says that
‘We are in a relatively smooth
plain with many craters 5 to 50
feet in size," Armstrong said.
“We see some ridges. And there
are literally thousands of little
one and two-foot craters. We see
some angular blocks some feot
front of us, about two-to-three
feet in size.
'There's a hill in view
«. _ ___, Kgrjuoujniud UtrdaVcKk dalhieaiud uoif us. ll a
, t, j difficult to estimate, but it
• candidate. U Normally. I
Yet the signs are unmistaka- |unar horizon could be as much
bly dear that dissatisfaction is
rising on his handling of domestic
issues, ranging from crime
control and racial problems to
college demonstrations and
keeping the economy healthy.
In the volatile areas of both
crime and race, Mr. Nixon’
positive rating moved up only
slightly over a two-month period,
while the negatives rose
sharply. In the case of racial
matters, college upheavals, and
keeping the economy healthy, a
majority of the American people
now hold negative views on
the President’s role.
The race question shows the
two-way squeeze in which he is
beginning to be caught. Negroes
give the President a 56-30 percent*
negative* rating" oh" tiis" handling
of the race question. Yet
those who voted for George
Wallace in November also give
him negative marks by an '
mast identical 55-30 percent.
I N KEEPING the economy
healthy, union members
give a negative 58-30 percent
rating, while people earning incomes
of over $10,000 give him
a 54-36 percent negative marks
on the same count. On handling
college unrest, the under 30
group is 60-31 percent negative,
hut the Wallace supporters are
also negative by 61-26 percent.
This latest Harris Survey indicates
that in a sharply polarized
society, a middle road or
overly cautious approach
bring criticism from both
of the political spectrum. In
fact, a major criticism of President
Nixon, voiced by 60 to 26
percent of the public as '
whole, is that “ he tries to be
all sides of every question.”
Of course, it must be pointed
out that the interviewing on this
survey was conducted before
the recent controversies over
John Knowies’ abortive appointment
as assistant secretary '
health, education and welfare
and the slowdown directive on
school desegregation.
On foreign-policy matters, the
President’s ratings show fewer
negatives. His handling of relations
with allies in Europe has
earned him a 59-30 percent
down from the
as two miles away.
■SO WE DID’
When he heard his fellow
crewmen on the moon describing
the scene around them,
Collins interrupted t o say,
Sounds like it looks better
than it did yesterday. It looked
rough as a cob then.
The targeted area was very
rough," Armstrong told him.
"There were many large boulders
and craters there.”
"When in doubt," Collins said,
land long.”
“ So we did,” Armstrong replied."
When they began to descend
to the moon, Armstrong’ s heart
beating at 110 throbs
minute. When they touched
the moon’ s surface i’ t had
boosted to 156, Less than 45
minutes later it had calmed to
. about 20 beats a minute
above normal.
COLOR VARIES
The sun appeared to alter the
color of the rocks around them.
Aldrin said, “Almost every variety
of rock you could find.
The color varies, depending on
how y o u ’ r e looking
Doesn’t appear to be much of
general color at all.”
The voices of Armstrong and
Aldrin were always tightly
der control despite the excitement
of the moment.
Even during the powered descent,
they read off their altitude
figures with the dispatch
of a broker reading stock
ket quotations. The descent
rocket burned for some 12 minutes,
the controls in Armstrong's
right hand, as Eagle
followed the long arc over the
lunar surface and came down
hovering helicopter.
LIKE 30 POUNDS
Just after landing, there was
busy silence while the
quickly set up the spacecraft
for an emergency takeoff '*
necessary. The first minutes
were devoted to making the decision
whether to stay.
The dust was still settling.
The rocket kicked up clouds of
dust from the moment it reach-
Soviet Radio TV
positive rating, aown irom me ,
61-21 percent positive he record-j I q n O r e S L a n d i n q
In April, but «111 h>ghl, fa- I o s c ow M y a
On handling the „a r In Viet- - As f i f t " ? f 00? 1*
ham, his nthm has gone from!11* h' ” d s » « ,*y
12-12 percent positive in April! touchdown on the moon by
to *7-45 percent in this survey. AP°*h> 11 Moscow radio was
Again, oh Vietnam, the pattern broadcasting a review of the
of criticism mounting more|weeks sports events
rapidly than support is apparent.
STILL the public is impressed
with Mr. Nixon, especially
Moscow television at the same
was transmitting a movie
on the life of a long-dead Polish
opera singer. Neither radio nor
television broke into their programs
to report the history-in
the personal area. making event.
On three out of four of the
positive statements, Mr. Nixon
receives favorable support from
a majority. In contrast, a ma-;
jority supports only one nega-.
tive statement about the Pres-,
ident. The extent to which the! Continued from First Page
President’s strength rests on,
his personal appeal comes ever equal this moment,
across in the response to a final
question in which people
rated him on "inspiring confidence
in the White House."
In April, his standing was
61-21 percent positive. Now it
has slipped to 53-35 percent
positive. This is a drop of 8
points on file positive side and
an increase of 14 points
negative side, but it
clearly positive and it
points higher than Lyndon
Johnson’s rating during his latter
days in office.
OoerrUbt D. l*t». by ChleMo Tribune-
New York N«»» Syndicate. Inc.
New Rains Hit Korea
SEOUL, July 20 (UPI>—Fresh
rainstorms pounded the southwestern
part of South Korea on
Saturday night, bringing casualties
in the oast week to 23 killed
point 40 feet over the lunar
surface.
The men on Tranquility Base,
accustomed to the weightless
state of space flight, were suddenly
subjected to the moon’s
gravity, one-sixth as strong as
earth’s. They felt as though
they weighed about 30 pounds.
They said they didn’t think
there was any difficulty adapting
to it.
NEW ERA OPENS
At a news conference at the
Manned Spacecraft Center, Dr.
Thomas O. Paine, head of the
space agency, told newsmen:
“ We have clearly entered a
new era. Hie voices we here
coming back from these braVe
men are hard to believe. But
it’s true. It’s raised spirits of
men around the world.”
He said he had spoken to the
President, who was watching the
news with Frank Borman,
spacecraft commander of Apollo
8. Paine said they discussed
the gripping excitement and
wonder that held the White
House group.
ON THEIR OWN
When the astronauts began
their dangerous descent at 3:09
P. M., Eagle was coming around
the backside of the moon for the
14th time. "Everything is going
along just swimmingly,” said
CoHins in the command 9hip.
His spaceship acted as a communications
relay when there
was some temporary difficulty
talking to the astronauts !_
Eagle".
Before that, they separated
from Columbia, and they were
on their own.
"The Eagle has wings,” reported
Armstrong:
After landing, the astronauts
immediately began preparing
for an emergency liftoff. But
that procedure ended when mission
control assured them Uial
Eagle was healhty and able to
spend at least two more hours on
the lunar surface.
FIRST MEAL ON MOON
Armstrong and Aldrin conducted
a simulated countdown
to liftoff, as planned, until they
received the go-ahead to stay.
The spacemen then 'took ofl
their helmets and gloves anc
started eating man’ s first meal
on the moon. Eagle’s lander
included a choice of breakfast-style
and dinner-style food. The
spacemen didn’t say whit* they
selected.
Armstrong and Aldrin plann«
to explore outside about 2V6
hours. In all, they were to be
on the lunar surface about 2
hours. In that time they wil
open the boundless frontier of
space a little more and clear
the way for future flights be
yond present imagination.
ALDRIN IN FIRST
Buzz Aldrin, the pilot of the
spidery lunar lander was the
first into that strange craft
linked nose to nose with the
mothership.
He entered at 9:20
through the tunnel connecting
the two ships. About an hour
later, spacecraft commander
Armstrong slipped through to
join him. From then on Armstrong
and Aldrin carried the
radio call sign Eagle. Collins became
Columbia,
lumbia.
At 12:32 P.M., they pushed a
button that extended the landing
legs of the lunar landing
craft, the legs that would take
the impact of the landing, an
intended four-foot free fall to the
surface with the engine shut
down.
This artist’ s conception b y NASA shows the
three rocket-firing stages o f descent o f A p o llo 11
NASA Photo via AP Wireplioto
lunar module to moon surface. Touchdown on the
moon was accomplished as scheduled on Sunday.
Armstrong and Aldrin receiv
ed the go-ahead for their un
ocking at 12:56 P.M.
The astronauts awakened at
r:02 A. M. They took half an
lour for breakfast. Then Arm-rong
and Aldrin donned the
heavy protective suits they
would wear when first Armstrong,
then Aldrin walk the
moon.
Both ships were in top condition,
they reported. Armstrong
lad five and a half hours sleep
Saturday night, Collins six, and
Aldrin five. It was the shortest
rest period on their flight plai
It was delayed more than 90
minutes while flight controllers
on earth tracked down a pesky
communication problem. They
found the root of their problem
in the aim of an antenna. It was
quickly fixed.
Then, just after midnight Sunday,
they were given a goodnight
to rest for the adventure
ahead, three men facing man's
first visit to another body in
space.
TOUR OF CENTER
Even as the big moment approached,
spirits were light although
the men were busy. Mission
control beamed up a brief
report on the activities of the
astronaut families and the morning
news.
Aldrin's son, Andy, was given
a tour of the space center, Saturday,
along with an uncle, Robert
Moon, brother of Aldrin’s
late mother, whose maiden
name was Marian Moon.
Mission control noted that one
newspaper story urged the
tronauts to watch for a girl on
the moon accompanied by
large rabbit.
•BUNNY GIRL'
“ An ancient legend says
beautiful Chinese girl named
Chang O has been living there
for 4000 years," Xhe astronauts
were told. "It seems she was
banished to the moon because
she stole the pill of immortality
from her husband. You might
look for her companion, a large
Jhinese rabbit who is easy to
spot since he is always standing
on his hind feet in the shade of
the cinnamon tree."
••Okay," Collins acknowledged
for the crew. "We'll keep a close
eye for the bunny girl."
Otherwise, the work was fast
and deadly serious. On earth,
240,350 miles away, half a world
offered prayers for their safety.
POPE’S CAUTION
In the White House, President
Nixon attended a special service
dedicated to the mission of
Apollo 11. Among those who
read at the service was Apollo
8 astronaut Frank Borman. He
recited the opening chapters of
the Book of Genesis, the same
words he and his crew read to
the earth from their orbit over
the moon last Christmas morn-ig.
Pope Paul who has repeatedly
spoken of the new awareness
that the flight of Apollo 11
offering mankind touched
the subject again in his
weekly Sunday speech. But he
cautioned that these new developments
of the space age
should not become a form of
worship. The wonders of technology,
he said, should not distract
man from the wars and
other ills besetting the planet
earth.
SMALL PROBLEMS
So it was that Apollo 11
reached this incredible time and
place, orbiting the moon every
two hours.
They blasted off from Cape
Kennedy at 9:32 A. M. Wednesday,
July 16, 1969. A perfect
launch just a split-second late.
The events that followed were
just as perfect. The problems
that cropped up were small
and easily surmountable.
The color television pictures
of the shrinking earth and the
approaching moon were sharp
and unforgettable. Both planetary
images took pn new meaning,
embellished with the aim
of Apollo 11.
Thursday and Friday whipped
Tension Highlights Lunar Landing
Eagle—was already on hand
passing out “ hinar contact"
buttons.
DOZEN LANGUAGES
Nearby, a man was distributing
mimeographed sheets protesting
the starvation within
miles of the spa-ce center.
' Floodlights glared everywhere
over the press rooms as
television cameras photographed
a dozen commentators speaking
a dozen different languages
telling the world what had happened.
They were there from
all the countries except Russia,
Red China and a few other Communist
countries.
An important aspect of the
NASA operation is to let the
world know of the United States’
Man will go to the moon and
stay longer. He may even go
to Mars.
But never again can there be
such a shot. This was the first
and there can be only one first.
This was the first time that
man had ridden in a spaceship
and landed it on a celestial
body other than his
A dozen reporters rushed out
of the auditorium and into the
two huge temporary newsrooms
outside the auditorium to meet
their deadlines.
BOOMS CROWDED
Outside, bargain-day-like shopping
crowds had filled all the
spaces between the gray desks
piled high with reference gear,isPace achievements, and they
typewriters and recording ma-j were certainly passing the word
chines, preventing rushing |llere Sunday.
Western Union boys from get-] MASS COVERAGE
ting stories to transmission All told, 3497 newsmen regis-machines.
tered to write this story,
* raiMU rolatmnc man frmrnrfouhtpdlv tilA hent-Cnvered new*
Cape Kennedy or Houston from,start of the day. picked up
120 different countries. jsharply after the landing. By
Japan alone sent 120 news-, the end of the day 15,000 per-
Italy bad 80. Here the,sons — three times the normal
by, the flight plan less busy
than on previous shots, to keep
the astronauts fresh for the
strenuous and daring moments
to come. Then at 1:22 P. M.
Saturday, July 19, they fired
their big spacecraft engine in
the direction of their flight,
slowing their speed and falling
into orbit around the moon.
Aldrin entered Eagle briefly
Saturday to ready some of its
systems. -.
Everything is beautiful in
here," he said.
Everybody is happy as a
clam down here," replied
earth.
On each pass around the
moon, the astronauts studied
the pocked and cratered southwestern
edge of the Sea of
Tranquillity, where they were
to land.
TELECAST SIGHTS
Then for 35 minutes they telecast
ttie breathtaking lunar
landscape below them. Crisply
they described for the people
home the landmarks they
saw on the surface.
‘There's a good picture of
Boot Hill, 3 minutes and 15 sec-'
onds into the descent," Armstrong
said, rehearsing for
earth the first of the landmarks
that would lead them to the
landing spot near the crater
named Moltke.
The sun played games with
the colors of the moon,
these low sun angles, there’s
no trace of brown in the moon’s
color," said Collins from
62 miles up. “ It's now returned
very gray appearance
. like the Apollo
said, it has the look of plaster
of paris to it at this sun angle.'
BRIGHT AREA
At the boundary line between
sunlight and shadow, Armstrong
said, “ It’s ashen gray. As you
get away from the terminator,
it gets to. be a lighter gray.
And as you get closer to the
sun-color point, you can definitely
see tans and browns on
the ground.”
Directed by the curiosity of
men on the earth, they peered
deep into the crater Aristarchus.
“ It seems to have a slight
amoun'j; of fluorescence to it,"
Armstrong reported. "The
the crater '
child he dreamed of the
day a man would land on the
moon. A graduate of Purdue
and naval aviation at Pcnsacola,
flew 78 missions in the Kon
War, was shot down behind
enemy lines and rescued.
He flew the rocket plane X-15
six times as a test pilot for the
space agency, reaching 200,000
feet and a speed of some
miles an hour. He brushed with
death in the out-of-control flight
of a lunar-landing trainer. A
civilian, he is the highest paid
astronaut at some $30,000
year. He has two sons.
ALDRIN AND COLLINS
Aldrin, 39, is the son of
retired Air Force colonel who
knew Orville Wright, rocket pioneer
Robert Goddard and
Charles Lindbergh. Born Jan.
1, 1930, in Montclair, N.J., Buzz
Aldrin got his nickname from
his parents, was a casual student
in grade school, third in
his class at West Point. He won
his doctorate from the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology
with a thesis on orbital rendezvous
which was used in Gemini
flights. On Gemini 12, he be
came the champion U. S. space-walker
with more than three
hours.
He flew 66 missions in Korea,
a devout Presbyterian, a Boy
Scout counsellor. He has two
sons and a daughter.
Collins, 38, who said he was the
only one who would not see the
lunar landing because his spaceship
had no television receiver.
He was bom Oct. 31, 1930 in
Rome. Italy, where his father,
an Army general, was stationed.
| He is a Roman Catholic, the
father of three children, and a
veteran of the flight of Gemini
Aldrin Takes
Bread to Moon
For Communion
HOUSTON, July 20 (AP).—
Astronaut Edwin E. Aldrin Jr.
went to the moon Sunday* with
piece of communion bread he
ill use there to symbolize fellowship
with his home church on
earth.
The safety of Apollo 11 crewmen
arid the success of the mission
were included In prayers
all space center churches
Sunday.
“ Pray for Neil, Mike and
Buzz,” said the Rev. M. Dean
Woodruff, minister of the Webster
Presbyterian Church where
Aldrin is an elder. Mrs. Aldrin
and their three children listened
to the sermon from a pew near
the front.
KEEN JUDGMENT
'On this journey keep them;
grant them keen judgment,
sharp mind and razor edge
body. At this point all the training
pays off," the minister said
in his opening prayer.
When Woodruff brought out
the bread for communion, a portion
of the loaf had been broken
away. The minister explained
that Aldrin took a portion of the
loaf with him on the moon trip
and at some time during the
afternoon, after the moon landing
is made, Aldrin would symbolically
join the other parishioners
in communion during one
of his rest periods.
ALDRIN’S IDEA
'This was Aldrin’ s idea,”
Woodruff said.
The Presbyterian congregation
did not have a benediction Sunday
morning but scheduled
the benediction for the evening,
after Aldrin had taken com-iunion
on the moon.
Members of St. Paul’s Catholic
Church, where Mrs. Michael
Collins and both her children
attended Mass, offered a special
prayer for “ a safe landing
and ascent from the moon.”
At the beginning of the midmorning
service it was announced
that all Masses Sunday
were "offered for the safety of
the astronauts and the success
of Apollo 11.”
TWO OTHER WIVES
Mrs. Collins, in a white suit
with a black head veil, sat on
a seat near the front and was
the first to take communion.
Mrs. Neil Armstrong remained
in her home Sunday morning,
listening closely to reports from
mission control center. The only
activity outside the house occurred
when Mark, 6, came out
to get the Sunday newspaper.
A space agency spokesman
who had been in the home said
Mrs. Armstrong, Mark and Eric,
12, “ had their morning devotional
together, alone” in a bed^
room while guests in the house
waited in other rooms.
CONFIDENT AND STRONG'
Mrs. Aldrin said before the
church services that there were
no special prayers to be offered.
She said, with a smile, that her
husband sounded “ confident and
strong” over the communica-word
was going out Sunday
afternoon.
"The Eagle had landed.”
Speaking 33 different languages,
r a d i o commentators
spoke into cloth-covered microphones:
'The Eagle has landed.”
WORK RESUMED
‘L’Aquila ha toccato il suo-lo,"
the Italians were told.
“ Vultural a aselenizat," the
Rumanian commentator yelled.
And in Germany they heard
'der Eagle ist auf dem mond
gelandet."
In the mission control center
the engineers were quietly working
again after a brief cheer
cut short by the admonition to
keep their eyes on the telemeter
data.
Outside on the campus-style
erounds of the mission control
number — had taken a look at
the old charred Apollo spacecraft,
similar to Apollo 11, and
contamination trailer like the
..te in which the Apollo 11 crew
will ride to the quarantine laboratory
here late this week.
LEFT THIS WORLD
a great day in Houston
and throughout the world.
Man had finally left his world
for another.
And the landing was only a
few miles off the intended target.
It was all done so smoothly,
without serious problems, that
it appeared almost simple.
In one small way, the precision
which has characterized
this flight f r om the start
drained a bit of the drama
away, but only a little.
Such a flight, such a moment
Joint SpaceEffori
Urged by Javits
WASHINGTON, July 20 (UPI).
- Sen Jacob K. Javits (R. N.Y.)
proposed Sunday that after the
United States lands a man on
the moon, it should join with
the Soviet Union in further
uie crater is quite bright." jsP3^ exploration.
Some earthbound triescoiK>s! Javrts said in an interview
have seen bright spots in the-taped for broadcast on ABC's,
that astronomers believe1 Issues and Answers that after
may be signs of volcanic
activity. • •
Monday, after the scheduled
22 hours on the moon, the Apollo
11 astronauts are to blast off
from the lunar surface to rejoin
Collins in the mother ship. Then
Tuesday, just after midnight,
they are to fire their spacecraft
engine again and head for home
and a splashdown Thursday in
the Pacific, their spacecraft and
their minds loaded with new.
clues to the moon.
TIUS IS ARMSTRONG
tions monitor, which all '
wives can hear in their homes.
After the service Mrs. Aldrin
as surrounded by a pushing
group of newsmen, photographers
and spectators. Finally,
apparently almost in tears, she
broke through those surrounding
her and ran to her car.
Apollo 11 Hailed
success of Apollo 11 the United
States should "make a reasonable
allocation of our resources
space and throw the burden
of the effort into the hope of
agreement with, the Soviet Union
to pursue space exploration from
this point on together.”
Best Evidence
Carried by Train
HUDIKSVALL, Sweden, July
20 (AP) — An express tram arrived
here with an automobile
These are the men making)
^Armstrong, 38, born Aug. 5 j fender damped onto the front
1930, is a child of the depression!of the locomotive,
who saved the pennies he earn- Laiter an irate citizen tele-ed
as a delivery boy in his phoned to say the train bad
hometown of Wapakoneta, 0-, to-demolished bis car at a cross-learn
to fly- He won his pilot’s) ing, but he had escaped unhurt.
Pope Warns
Of ‘Idolatry’
CASTEL GANDOLFO. Italy,
July 20 (UPI). — Pope Paul VI
hailed the “ extraordinary and
astonishing" Apollo 11 flight to
the moon Sunday but warned
against “ idolatry” of the instruments
of technical progress.
The Pope referred to the day
as “ a great day, a historic day
for humanity” in his weekly
blessing to pilgrims and tourists
at the Papal summer residence
in this hill town.
The Pope also recorded a
message for the three Apollo astronauts
to be shown later on
Italian television.
Vatican sources said the Pope
planned to watch the Apollo
mission on television aod also
peer at the moon through the
giant telescope of the Vatican
observatory in Castel Gandolfo.
‘We will do well to meditate
... this extraordinary and astoo-ishing
event," the Pope said o<
Events on Earth
As History Is Made
THE PH ILAD E LPH IA INQUIRER. MONDAY MORNING. JU LY 21. 1989
A 1 1 L I •! A . . . *P Wl«rt*U Astronaut Neil A. Armstrong, scheduled to be
first man to set foot on moon, is
shown in space helmet.
On the verge of tears as newsmen surround family, Mrs. Joan Aldrin,
wife of Apollo 11 lunar module pilot Edwin Aldrin, clutches
arm of son. Andrew, 10, as she rushes to car after
services at Houston church.
Hark Armstrong, 6-year-old son of astronaut Neil
Armstrong, picks up morning paper at family
home in Houston as he a waits word of
his dad's historic feat.
Mr. and Mrs. Stephan Armstrong, parents of astronaut UPI
Neil Armstrong, sing hymn during services at
St. Paul United Church of Christ in
Wapakoneta, O., and pray for
son's safety on moon.
Family of Apollo 11 command module pilot Michael Collins leave
home near Houston to attend church. They are (from left)
Ann, 7; Michael, 6; Kathleen, 10. Mrs. Collins is
behind children ( right) and her sister, Mrs.
Bernard- Golden of Boston, is at rear.
hrogmen leap from a helicopter into the Pacific during simulated
Apollo 11 rescue. Splashdown of Apollo 11
is scheduled for Thursday.
