Stage 1 Report
First Quarterly Progress Report
Final Report Page 12 October 2004
poorly drained, slowly permeable soils on low ridges, broad ridgetops or short side slopes
along drainageways. Slopes range from 0 to 7 percent. Rounded dark nodules or iron
and manganese oxide are noted at all depths in the Bluford series, with these soils
described as being extremely acid to neutral in pH. The Ava series consists of
moderately well drained soils on side slopes, the crest of prominent ridges and narrow
ridgetops on the Illinoian till plain. Slopes range from 1 to 10 percent. Fine and medium
rounded nodules or irregular dark accumulations of iron and manganese oxide are noted
at all depths of the Ava series. These soils are described as being slightly to very strongly
acid. The Hickory series consists of well-drained, moderately permeable soils on side
slopes along drainageways in strongly dissected areas on the Illinoian till plain. These
soils were formed in glacial till and have slopes ranging from 10 to 50 percent. Common
to many medium accumulations of iron and manganese oxide are noted at depths of 14 to
45 inches and the Hickory series is described as being slightly to very strongly acid at
depths to 45 inches.
Twenty percent of the Skillet Fork watershed is underlain by the Bonnie-Belknap-
Piopolis association. The soil series comprising this association are described as follows
in the Hamilton County soil survey (Currie, 1986). The Bonnie, Belknap and Piopolis
series consist of poorly drained, moderately slowly to slowly permeable soils on flood
plains. These soils were formed in silty alluvial deposits and slopes are less than 2
percent. In the Bonnie series, few to common rounded nodules (iron and manganese
oxides) are found throughout the soil horizon at depths to 60 inches below the surface.
These soils are described as medium to very strongly acid to 14 inches deep and very
strongly to extremely acid at depths between 14 and 60 inches. The Belknap series is
acidic, with the acidity varying from slightly to strongly acid depending on the depth.
Few to common rounded nodules or iron and manganese oxides are found at depths
between 16 and 60 inches. The Piopolis series is slightly to strongly acid, depending on
the depth. Few to common rounded accumulations or nodules of iron and manganese
oxides are found at depths between 14 and 37 inches.
Twelve percent of the Skillet Fork watershed is underlain by the Grantsburg-Zanesville-
Wellston association. The soil series comprising this association are described as follows
in the Franklin and Jefferson County soil survey (Preloger, 2003). The Grantsburg series
consists of moderately well drained, very slowly permeable soils on uplands. The parent
material for these soils is loess and silty sediments over bedrock. Slopes range from 2 to
10 percent. These soils are strongly to extremely acid and, at depths of 19 to 60 inches,
iron-manganese concretions are found. The Zanesville series consists of moderately well
drained, slowly permeable soils on uplands. The parent material for these soils is loess
and loamy residuum over bedrock. Slopes range from 10 to 18 percent. These soils are
described as being neutral in the surface layers (0 to 8 inches) and very strongly acid at
depths between 8 and 60 inches. At depths between 8 and 50 inches common rounded
iron-manganese concretions are found. The Wellston series consists of well-drained,
moderately slowly permeable soils on uplands with slopes of 10 to 18 percent. The
parent material for these soils is loess and silty residuum over bedrock. These soils are
moderately to very strongly acid at all depths (to 48 inches) and there is no mention of
iron or manganese nodules or concretions at any depth.
