Geologic cross sections, Kane County, Illinois

              For more information contact:
Illinois State Geological Survey
615 East Peabody Drive
Champaign, Illinois 61820-6964
(217) 244-2414
http://www.isgs.uiuc.edu
Released by the authority of the State of Illinois: 2007
Illinois Department of Natural Resources
ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
William W. Shilts, Chief
Illinois County Geologic Map
ICGM Kane-CS
Geology based on field work by W.S. Dey, A.M. Davis, and B.B. Curry, 2002–2007.
Digital cartography by A.M. Davis, Illinois State Geological Survey.
This research was partially supported by Kane County under Contract No. 02-279.
Base map compiled from the United States Geological Survey 1:100,000-scale Digital Line Graph data. North American Datum 1983. Transverse Mercator projection.
The Illinois State Geological Survey, the Illinois Department of Natural Resources, and the State of Illinois make no guarantee, expressed or implied, regarding the correctness of the interpretations presented in this document and accept no liability for the consequences of decisions made by others on the basis of the information presented here. The geologic interpretations are based on data that may vary with respect to accuracy of geographic location, the type and quantity of data available at each location, and the scientific and technical qualifications of the data sources. Maps or cross sections in this document are not meant to be enlarged.
Recommended citation:
Dey, W.S., A.M. Davis, B.B. Curry, and C.C. Abert, 2007, Geologic Cross Sections, Kane County, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Illinois County Geologic Map, ICGM Kane-CS, 1:100,000.
ICGM Kane-CS Sheet 1 of 2
GEOLOGIC CROSS SECTIONS
KANE COUNTY, ILLINOIS
William S. Dey, Alec M. Davis, B. Brandon Curry, and Curt C. Abert
2007
ADJACENT
COUNTIES
1 McHenry
2 Lake
3 Cook
4 DuPage
5 Will
6 Kendall
7 DeKalb
7123456500600700800Elevation(feet)WestA9001,0001,100500600700800Elevation(feet)900EastA'1,0001,100OgpOmOmSSh-ath(l-b)h-bl-hh(l-y)l-bl-yhh(l-y)Sggh-ahl-bh(l-b)h(l-b)hhhhttgh-ah-agfl-bffhfhfhfh-ah-ah-ahgMarengoRidgeFoxRiverCarpentersvillecrosses F–F􀀁􀅣crosses G–G􀀁􀅣crossesH–H􀀁􀅉IL 31IL 25US 20I-90IL 476005007008009001,1001,0006005007008009001,0001,100Elevation(feet)Elevation(feet)WestBEastB'OgpOmOmgh-ah-atth(l-b)hfl-bl-yhh-al-yh(l-y)h-ah-agSgh-ahl-bl-yh(l-b)ghffhfffhSSgl-bffhhhtgMarengoRidgeFox RiverPingree Grovecrosses F–F􀀁􀅣crosses G–G􀀁􀅣crossesH–H􀀁􀅉IL 31IL 25US 20IL 47
Figure 1 Location of cross section lines in Kane County.
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Intoduction
These geologic cross sections were produced as a part of Kane County Water Resources Investigations: Final Report on Geologic Investigations (Dey et al. 2007) as part of a contract report for the project entitiled Water-Resources Investigation for Kane County, Illinois (Meyer et al. 2002). The Illinois State Geological Survey and Illinois State Water Survey have examined the groundwater resources of Kane County through three-dimensional geologic mapping and groundwater flow model­ing to estimate sustainable yields from major aquifers in Kane County and to aid groundwater resource management.
Geologic Cross Sections
Geologic cross sections are two-dimensional representations of geologic materials encountered in a vertical plane passing through a portion of the Earth’s surface. Cross sections offer an image of the distribution and thickness of the geologic units present, generally along a straight line in the geographic area of interest. Presented here are eight cross sections in Kane County. Five are parallel east-to-west lines and three are south-to-north parallel lines (fig. 1). The locations of the cross sections were selected to highlight the geologic diversity across Kane County.
The cross sections were created by slicing through the three-dimensional geologic model of Kane County (Abert et al. 2007). The geologic model consists of 21 region­ally significant lithostratigraphic units identified in Kane County, which include 15 Quaternary units and 6 bedrock units. Some simplification of the geology was necessary to prevent the model from becoming overly complex. Some lithostrati­graphic units were combined into a single unit. The Equality Formation was com­bined with Grayslake Peat and fine-textured facies of the Cahokia Formation and is called the surficial fine-textured layer. The surficial Henry Formation includes the coarse-textured facies of the Cahokia Formation and surficial deposits of the Wasco facies of the Henry Formation. Subsurface occurrences of the Equality Formation were combined with adjacent fine-textured units. The Robein Member was com­bined with the uppermost fine-textured unit of the Glasford Formation. Although the Robein is younger than the Glasford, it is an important marker bed used to separate younger Wisconsin Episode units from underlying Illinois Episode units. Another simplification most units share is that they are assumed to have uniform lithology; e.g., lenticular sand bodies present within a generally fine-textured unit were not shown, because they were regarded as being insignificant to groundwater flow on a county scale. The Glasford Formation is an exception and was modeled as three fine-textured layers and two coarse-textured layers.
The model was produced from lithostratigraphic assignments made on records from 5,432 water wells, engineering and stratigraphic borings, and outcrops (fig. 2, sheet 2); 2,599 of the data points were in Kane County, and another 2,833 data points were used in a buffer area extending six miles out from the county boundary. The buf­fer zone was used to prevent distortion of interpretations near the county line. An attempt was made to verify the location of all data points used, either by confirming the location in the field or using plat books, tax records, or other sources in the of­fice. Forty-nine percent of all data points had their location verified in the field, 50% had their locations verified by documentation in the office, and 1% of the data points had unverified locations. The elevations of the upper and lower occurrence of each unit were identified where possible from data sources. These elevations were used to create an upper and lower surface for each unit. The methods used to construct these surfaces and compile the model are described by Dey et al. (2005). Dey et al. (2007) summarize those methods and present the distribution of the data used to produce the model and individual layers.
The legend and figure 3 (sheet 2) offer an explanation of the lithostratigraphic units depicted in the cross sections.
Application
The cross sections are a complement to the three-dimensional geologic model (Abert et al. 2007). The cross sections provide a visual representation of the geology of the county along parallel lines passing through the county. The cross sections allow visualization of the individual stratigraphic layers and their relationship with one another.
References
Abert, C.C., W.S. Dey, A.M. Davis, and B.B. Curry, 2007, Three-dimensional geologic model, Kane County, Illinois: Illinois County Geologic Map, ICGM Kane-3D.
Curry, B.B., D.A. Grimley, and J.A. Straavers, 1999, Quaternary geology, geomor­phology, and climatic history of Kane County, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey, Guidebook 28, 40 p.
Dey, W.S., A.M. Davis, C.C. Abert, B.B. Curry, and J.C. Sieving, 2005, Kane County water resources investigations: Interim report on three-dimensional geologic modeling: Illinois State Geological Survey, Open File Series 2005-6, 50 p.
Dey, W.S., A.M. Davis, B.B. Curry, D.A. Keefer, and C.C. Abert, 2007, Kane County water resources investigations: Final report on geologic investigations: Illinois State Geological Survey, Contract Report (in press).
Meyer S.C., D.D. Walker, S.M. McConkey, W.S. Dey, B.B. Curry, C.C. Abert, and E. Mehnert, 2002, Water-resources investigations for Kane County, Illinois: Illinois State Water Survey and Illinois State Geological Survey, A proposal to Kane County Development Department, 55 p.
Medium to fine sand with gr
avelContactMedium to coarse sand and gravelDiamicton, massive silt, orother fine-grained sedimentHorizontal scale: 1:100,000 (1 inch = 1.58 miles)Vertical scale: 1 inch = 166 feetVertical exaggeration: 50􀀁􀅓SOmOgphl-hfl-yl-btgh-bh(l-y)h(l-b)h-aQUATERNARY DEPOSITSPRE-QUATERNARY DEPOSITSInterpretationDescriptionUnitHUDSON AND WISCONSIN EPISODES (~ 75,000 years before present (B.P.) to today)WISCONSIN EPISODE (~75,000–12,000 years B.P.)ILLINOIS EPISODE (~ 200,000–130,000 years B.P.)SILURIAN SYSTEM (~ 443–417 million years B.P.)ORDOVICIAN SYSTEM (~ 490–443 million years B.P.)Silurian(undifferentiated)Dolostone reef and inter-reef carbonates deposited in shallow marine environmentDolostone; microcrystalline; cherty in places; up to 150 feet thick Maquoketa GroupShales deposited in subtidal to intertidal environment with interbedded carbonate bank depositsShale; fossiliferous, dolomitic, and thin beds of vuggy dolostone (Maquoketa Group); up to about 250 feet thickGalena and Platteville GroupsDolostone shelf deposits formed in shallow marine environmentDolostone; nearly pure medium- to fine- grained dolostone; also contains chert nodules and shaley zones; averaging greater than 300 feet thickYorkville Member, Lemont FormationBatestown Member, Lemont FormationHaeger Member, Lemont FormationHenry Formation Tiskilwa FormationGlasford FormationTill, debris flow deposits, outwash, and lake sedimentTill and debris flow deposits associated with the Woodstock Moraine Proglacial outwash deposited in terraces and as outwash plains downslope of glacial margins or nearshore sand and gravel deposited in beaches, spits, bars, and deltas in glacial lakes; or ice-contact deposits forming kames and eskers; or sand and gravel deposited along modern streams and riversLake deposits in kettles and some valleys tributary to the Fox River, decomposed wetland vegetation and sediments in depression, and alluvium along streamsTill and debris flow deposits forming the Marengo Moraine and Bloomington Morainic System and occuring under most of the countyTill and debris flow deposits associated with the Elburn Complex, Farm Ridge, and Arlington MorainesTill and debris flow deposits associated with the St. Charles and Minooka Moraines Diamicton; clay loam to loam with lenses of sand and gravel, sand, silt or clay; reddish brown, oxidizing to brown; as much as 270 feet thickDiamicton; silty clay, silty clay loam, and clay; gray, oxidizing to yellowish brown; includes layers of sand and gravel, silt, and silty clay; up to 100 feet thickDiamicton; sandy loam to loam; dolomite-rich; yellowish brown; with lenses and beds of sand and gravel; up to 80 feet thickSand and gravel, or sand; contains lenses of silt and clay or diamicton; up to 90 feet thickSilt, clay, and fine sand; layered to massive; gray to brown; and/or marl, peat, and sand; and/or silt, clay, and diamictonDiamicton; sandy loam, loam, and silt loam; gray to grayish brown, oxidizing to yellowish brown to brown up to 90 feet thick; includes common layers of sand and gravel or silt Diamicton; sandy loam to loam, reddish brown, pinkish brown, and brown; bouldery in places, with lenses of silt and clay and abundant lenses and layers of sand and gravel; up to 185 feet thick Beverly Tongue,Henry Formation Proglacial outwash underlies deposits of the Haeger Member Sand and gravel, or sand; with lenses of silt and clay, or of diamicton; up to 90 feet thickUnnamed tongue,Henry FormationProglacial outwash deposited in deltas and alluvial fans as outwash plains downslope of glacial margins; underlies deposits of the Yorkville Member of the Lemont FormationSand and gravel, or sand; contains lenses of silt and clay, or diamicton; up to 50 feet thickUnnamed tongue,Henry FormationProglacial outwash underlies deposits of the Batestown Member of the Lemont Formation deposited in deltas and alluvial fans as outwash plains downslope of glacial margins or kamesSand and gravel, or sand; contains lenses of silt and clay, or diamicton; greater than 70 feet thickAshmore Tongue,Henry Formation Proglacial outwash underlies deposits of the Tiskilwa FormationSand and gravel, or sand; contains lenses of silt and clay, or diamicton; more than 80 feet thickSurfical fine-textured unit Equality Formation, Grayslake Peat, and fine-textured facies of Cahokia FormationInterpretationDescriptionUnit